The startle response is a brainstem reflex elicited by an unexpected acoustic or tactile stimulus.

The rotarod is a standard test of motor coordination, balance and fatigue in rodents.

Progressive-ratio (PR) schedules permit studying food-motivated behavior.

Self administration is a classical model of human drug-taking behavior and consists in establishing in rodents an operant conditioning of an instrumental response (nose-poke, lever pressure) to obtain a reward, according to a fix or progressive ratio.

The purpose of the Conditioned Place Preference test is to characterize the rewarding potential of a drug or other experimental condition.

The 2-temperatures choice nociception test (thermal place preference) paradigm allows working on unrestrained animals let free to choose between two compartments with different temperature

The inflammation test aims to follow the evolution of the inflammatory processes experimentally induced in paws of rodents.

The Panlab LE7306 paw & test pressure meter is used for performing the Randall & Selitto test in rodents.

Forced exercise using a treadmill in rodents is a useful tool with a great value in the study of functional capacity and is a validated standard model for investigations in the field of human metabolism.

The novel object test is a free exploration paradigm that provides animals the opportunity to explore a novel object in a familiar environmental context.